This Practice Note updates previous CoramBAAF guidance in the light of changing scientific information and the improved understanding of the effects on health of exposure to passive or second-hand smoke from cigarettes, cigars and pipe tobacco. This guidance also considers the use of electronic cigarettes/vaping devices by substitute carers. Throughout this document, absolute priority has been given to the best interests of children and their carers and the protection of their health. The guidance applies to adopters, foster carers, kinship carers, respite carers and special guardians. This guidance replaces BAAF Practice Note 51.